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Banks and coal
BankTrack
2020-10-07 14:12:10
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The Tanjung Jati B coal power plant in Jepara, Central Java. Photo: Kemal Jufri / GreenpeaceGo directly to the coal financing policy table.
Go directly to: banks and coal mining, banks and coal power or banks and coal infrastructure.
Banks and coal
From concerns over air pollution and acid rain to its destructive impact on the climate, coal has long been recognised as the dirtiest, most polluting fossil fuel and historically the leading cause of climate change. Globally, the biggest source of carbon dioxide is burning of coal - greater than burning oil or gas, or carbon dioxide emissions caused by deforestation.
These facts have been well established for some time, which has led to coal being the most heavily opposed of all fossil fuels, whether by Indigenous populations, civil society organisations, the general public or the scientific community. Due to this opposition, worldwide emissions from burning coal have been leveling off over the last decade, while emissions from oil and gas continued to rise. However, the trend in emissions from burning coal shows a clear geographical distribution: coal is on the decline in the OECD and EU countries, while it's still on the rise in many parts of Africa, Asia and South America. At the same time, coal mining operations and coal power plants are facing more and more financial difficulties due to the plunging cost of renewable energy and cheap natural gas.
Coal's fast decline
In some parts of the world, like the US and EU, coal has already started its inevitable decline. However, the pace at which coal is declining is nowhere near the pace of decline which is required to stay within the 1.5 degrees target of the Paris Climate Agreement. In order to meet the 1.5 degrees goal, global carbon dioxide emissions must be more than halved from 2010 levels by 2030 and reach ‘net zero’ by 2050. This gives a 50% chance of staying below a 1.5 degrees temperature increase by 2100.
However, coal emissions need to fall about twice as fast as those for oil and gas in the 2020s, which means that global coal emissions should decline by about 80% from 14.5 gigatons CO2 in 2019 to 3.1 gigatons CO2 in 2030. Most developed regions in the world, like the EU, OECD countries and Russia, therefore need to exit coal at the latest by 2030, with the rest of the world following by 2040 at the latest. This means that no new coal mining, coal power or coal infrastructure can be built, and a significant part of the coal industry needs to close before the end of its planned operational lifetime.
Therefore, financing of new coal projects and the companies behind them is incompatible with the temperature goals set in the Paris Climate Agreement. Banks must end support for all new coal activities and implement a full phase-out for financing coal projects and companies in line with the 2030-2040 deadline.
Despite an increase in the number of banks that have restricted or ended their financing for the coal sector, too many banks continue to finance the dirtiest of fossil fuels, making it increasingly hard to avoid climate breakdown. 35 of the biggest banks in the world have financed coal mining and coal power at the tune of USD 193 billion since the Paris Climate Agreement (2016-2019). The four biggest coal financiers in the world are all Chinese banks: ICBC, China Construction Bank and Bank of China with about USD 25-30 billion and Agricultural Bank of China with about USD 18 billion in 2016-2019.
See the Banking on Climate Change 2020 report for banks' exposure to the coal mining and coal power sector in 2016-2019.
At the bottom of this page you can find the campaign pages of up-to-date assessments of bank policies in the Banking on Climate Change report on coal mining, coal power and coal infrastructure.
Bank policy scores on coal (overall score)
The table below shows banks’ aggregate policy score on coal. The 'details' section in the table provides further detail on the exact scoring per bank for coal mining, coal power, and coal infrastructure.
Bank policy scores on coal financing
BankLast update
Country
Details
Laggard
Follower
Front runner
Leader
ABN AMRO
2020-03-01
NLD
26
26
0
Agricultural Bank of China
2020-03-01
CHN
0
0
0
ANZ
2020-10-29
AUS
21
21
0
Bank of America
2020-03-01
USA
4.5
4.5
0
Bank of China
2020-03-01
CHN
0
0
0
Bank of Montreal (BMO Financial Group)
2020-03-01
CAN
0
0
0
Barclays
2020-03-30
GBR
20
20
0
BBVA
2020-03-01
ESP
20
20
0
BNP Paribas
2020-07-22
FRA
60
60
0
China Construction Bank
2020-03-01
CHN
0
0
0
CIBC
2020-03-09
CAN
4.5
4.5
0
Citigroup
2020-04-20
USA
16
16
0
Commerzbank AG
2020-03-01
DEU
14.5
14.5
0
Commonwealth Bank of Australia
2020-03-01
AUS
12
12
0
Crédit Agricole
2020-03-01
FRA
67
67
0
Credit Mutuel-CIC
2020-03-01
FRA
75
75
0
Credit Suisse Group
2020-08-01
CHE
16
16
0
DBS Bank
2020-03-01
SGP
7
7
0
Deutsche Bank
2020-07-27
DEU
20
20
0
Goldman Sachs
2020-03-01
USA
16
16
0
HSBC
2020-04-23
GBR
13
13
0
Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (ICBC)
2020-03-01
CHN
0
0
0
ING Group
2020-03-01
NLD
28
28
0
Intesa Sanpaolo
2020-05-20
ITA
18
18
0
JPMorgan Chase
2020-03-01
USA
13.5
13.5
0
Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group (MUFG)
2020-03-01
JPN
4.5
4.5
0
Mizuho
2020-06-01
JPN
3.5
3.5
0
Morgan Stanley
2020-04-22
USA
15
15
0
National Australia Bank
2020-03-01
AUS
17.5
17.5
0
Natixis
2020-10-27
FRA
61
61
0
NatWest Group (formerly RBS)
2020-03-01
GBR
40
40
0
OCBC
2020-03-01
SGP
8
8
0
PNC Bank
2020-03-01
USA
8.5
8.5
0
Royal Bank of Canada
2020-10-02
CAN
17
17
0
Santander
2020-03-01
ESP
14
14
0
Scotiabank
2020-03-01
CAN
0
0
0
Société Générale
2020-07-31
FRA
69
69
0
Standard Chartered
2020-03-01
GBR
16.5
16.5
0
Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation (SMBC)
2020-04-16
JPN
3.5
3.5
0
TD bank Financial Group
2020-03-01
CAN
1.5
1.5
0
UBS
2020-03-01
CHE
17
17
0
UniCredit Group
2020-09-04
ITA
75
75
0
United Overseas Bank
2020-03-01
SGP
8.5
8.5
0
US Bancorp
2020-03-01
USA
12.5
12.5
0
Wells Fargo
2020-03-01
USA
3
3
0
Westpac Banking Corporation
2020-05-04
AUS
11
11
0
Explanation
For both coal mining and coal power, 32 possible policy points can be obtained, while for other coal,16 possible policy points can be obtained. So a bank can obtain a total of 80 policy points for its coal policies. Based on this score banks are then classified as laggards (0-20 points), followers (20.5-40 points), front runners (40.5-60 points) or leaders (60.5-80 points).
See the Coal Policy Tool from Reclaim Finance for a more in-depth analysis of coal policies from banks (and other financial institutions).
Feedback welcome
Our policy assessments are always a work in progress and we very much welcome any feedback, especially from banks included in them. You can of course also contact us for more information on specific scores and the latest policy changes. Please get in touch at climate@banktrack.org.
Further sections
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Documents
Type:
Year:
Media
Coal fair action day
Firewalk
